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在新词层出不穷的2020年，却有一个词同时被韦氏词典和Dictionary.com（词典网）选为年度词汇，这个词就是pandemic（大流行病）。
11月30日，两家美国词典公司宣布了同一个年度词汇“大流行病”，这还是史上第一次。
此前，牛津英词词典发表了一份2020年语言报告，认为2020年的挑战是：
brought a new immediacy and urgency to the role of the lexicographer. In almost real-time, lexicographers were able to monitor and analyze seismic shifts in language data and precipitous frequency rises in new coinages给词典编纂者带来了一种新的即时性和紧迫性；词典编纂者几乎是实时监测和分析语言数据的突然变化和新词陡增的频率。
于是，该出版社给出了一个结论，即由于新冠疫情造成了语言的巨大变化，“2020年不能用一个年度词汇来概括”（2020 is a year which cannot be neatly accommodated in one single ‘word of the year’）。
不过，对于美国韦氏词典和Dictionary.com网站而言，它们认同与疫情相关词汇发生的巨大变化，却不同意牛津英语词典出版社的一观点。
韦氏词典的特邀编辑皮特·索科洛夫斯基说，pandemic一词的当选“很可能并没有让人大吃一惊”（probably isn’t a big shock） ：
Often the big news story has a technical word that’s associated with it and in this case, the word pandemic is not just technical but has become general. It’s probably the word by which we’ll refer to this period in the future.重大新闻报道往往含有与大流行病相关的术语，在这种情况下，大流行病不只是一个术语，而是具有更普遍的意义。它很可能会成为将来我们指代这段时期的词语。
在韦氏词典里，pandemic的定义是：
an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a significant proportion of the population
Dictionary.com高级调研编辑约翰·凯利（John Kelly）表示，
searches for “pandemic” spiked more than 13,500% on 11 March, the day the World Health Organization declared an outbreak of the novel coronavirus a global health emergency.世界卫生组织在3月11日宣布新冠肺炎暴发成为全球卫生紧急事件后，对“大流行病”一词的搜索量在当天暴增超13500%。
The spike was “massive, but even more telling is how high [pandemic] has sustained significant search volumes throughout the entire year”.搜索量涨幅“很高，但更能说明问题的是该词在全年都保持着极高的搜索量”。
凯利指出，
Month over month, lookups for pandemic were up more than 1,000%. For about half the year, the word was in the top 10% of all lookups on Dictionary.com自那以后的每一个月，对“大流行病”的搜索量涨幅都超过了1000%。半年来，该词在Dictionary.com上的搜索量一直排在前10%。
类似的情况也出现在韦氏词典的网站上。索科洛夫斯基称，
At Merriam-Webster.com, searches for “pandemic” on 11 March were 115,806% higher than spikes experienced on the same date last year, Sokolowski said.在韦氏词典的网站上，“大流行病”一词在3月11日的搜索量涨幅比去年同期高出了115806%。
他还表示:
Pandemic, with roots in Latin and Greek, is a combination of “pan”, for all, and “demos”, for people or population. The latter is also the root of “democracy”.pandemic（大流行病）一词词根源于拉丁语和希腊语，是pan（全部）和demos（人或人口）的组合。demos还是democracy（民主）一词的词根。
英语中的 “pandemic” （大流行病）一词要追溯到17世纪中期，当时被广泛使用的意思是“普遍的”（universal），在中世纪大瘟疫后特指17世纪60年代医学文本中的疾病。
凯利指出，疫情期间“aerosol”（气溶胶）、“contact tracing”（接触者追踪）、“social distancing”（社交隔离）和“herd immunity”（群体免疫）等词以及救命的各种复杂的治疗药物、检测和疫苗词汇的搜索量都出现了增长。
凯利、索科洛夫斯基和牛津语言还指出了2020年的其他搜索趋势。凯利称，在今年五月乔治·弗洛伊德死于明尼阿波里斯市警察的膝盖下后，和种族平等有关的词汇搜索量大增，包括“fascism”（法西斯主义）、“anti-fascism”（反法西斯主义）、“defund”（停止拨款）和“white fragility”（白人脆弱性）。
此外，德国语言协会也于当日宣布德国2020年年度德语词汇为“新冠大流行”（Corona-Pandemie）。德国语言协会称，年度词汇是德国社会热点的反映，今年德国人的生活遭新冠疫情重创，“新冠大流行”是一整年里人们最关注的话题之一，而排名第二到第十的年度德语词汇也几乎全与新冠疫情有关。
2020年韦氏词典年度词汇：
1/11: Coronavirus
The word was largely ignored as the year began, but that changed on January 20th, with the announcement of the first U.S. case of COVID-19. The largest spike in lookups came on March 19th; overall, coronavirus was looked up a staggering 162,551% more this year than in 2019.
The current pandemic is caused by a new, or novel, type of coronavirus dubbed COVID-19 in February. The name stands for “coronavirus disease 2019,” and was added to our dictionary in a special release of new words in March, giving COVID-19 the distinction of being the fastest term to go from coinage to inclusion in a Merriam-Webster dictionary—the process took only 34 days.
2. Defund
Protests in response to the killing of Black people by police officers punctuated the year, and a word from those protests rose in lookups beginning in June: defund. The word was key in the many conversations about how to address police violence, as activists called for the defunding of police forces, and others tried to understand what that in practicality would mean. Overall, defund was looked up 6,059% more in 2020 than in 2019.
We define defund as “to withdraw funding from.” The word is a recent addition to English, in use only since the middle of the 20th century.
3. Mamba
In January, the world lost one of basketball’s greats: Kobe Bryant, along with nine other people including one of Bryant’s daughters, died in a helicopter crash. As news of the crash spread, dictionary users searched for a word strongly associated with the player: mamba. “Black Mamba,” he was called—a nickname the player had chosen for himself more than a decade before.
Mamba refers to “any of several chiefly arboreal venomous green or black elapid snakes (genus Dendroaspis) of sub-Saharan Africa,” and comes from the Zulu word imamba. The black mamba in particular is very fast, and very deadly.
Mamba spiked in lookups on the day of Bryant’s tragic death, with users looking up the word 42,750% more than is typical; the next day that number had increased to 66,366%. Overall, mamba was looked up 934% more frequently in 2020 than it had been in 2019.
4. Kraken
On July 23rd, Seattle’s brand-new National Hockey League franchise chose “Kraken” as its team name, hurling the word kraken into top lookup territory. Searches for the word increased 128,000% that day.
5. Quarantine
As the reality of the global pandemic set in, policy responses received as much attention as medical analyses of this new disease. Accordingly, the biggest increase in lookups for one of the most important terms in this new circumstance, quarantine, was on March 20th, nine days after the greatest spike for pandemic.
Quarantine means “a state of enforced isolation designed to prevent the spread of disease.”
As with pandemic, there was interest in this word before the stay-at-home orders became a reality in the U.S., with February’s reports of outbreaks on cruise ships in early February in the news triggering lookups. Quarantine was looked up 1,856% more frequently in 2020 than in 2019.
6.Antebellum
The word antebellum was looked up in significantly higher numbers for two distinct reasons in 2020. The first jump in lookups came in June, when an award-winning musical trio announced a name change: “Lady Antebellum” would now officially be called “Lady A.” The second increase came with the September release of a movie that uses the word as its title. These two events made for a year-over-year increase in lookups of 885%.
Antebellum comes from Latin ante bellum, meaning “before the war.” We define the English word in a two-part definition: the word can mean simply “existing before a war,” but it is especially used to specifically mean “existing before the American Civil War.”
7. Schadenfreude
Schadenfreude is a word-lover’s word, one that pops up in spelling bees and vocabulary tests all the time. This is partly because it’s hard to spell, and partly because it’s fun to say out loud, although its pronunciation isn’t necessarily easy to discern for an English speaker.
But this word is perhaps also popular among wordies because of its specific and slightly malicious meaning: “enjoyment obtained from the troubles of others.” It had a spike in lookups in March when news of the collegiate admissions scandal broke, but the biggest single spike this year took place on October 2nd, when it was announced that President Trump had contracted the novel coronavirus.
Such uses created a spike of 24,800% compared to last year's lookups.
Following the announcement of President Trump’s loss to Joe Biden, the word again returned to a high spot in our list.
8. Asymptomatic
In this year when the public’s mind has so often been focused on COVID-19, the word asymptomatic is a reminder of one of the coronavirus’ most challenging characteristics—that people who are without symptoms can be contagious.
The word asymptomatic was looked up 1,688% more this year than it typically is. We define the word as “presenting no symptoms of disease.”
9. Irregardless
When all was said and done in 2020, the word irregardless had earned a spot in the Words of the Year pantheon—mostly just by having the temerity to be a word. While some will deem the word’s presence in this list as further evidence of how truly odious the year was, we in the dictionary business know that the word qualified for inclusion here because people care about language, and that’s worth celebrating.
Lookups for irregardless increased dramatically in July, up 464%, when actress Jamie Lee Curtis asserted on Twitter that we had just entered the word. Other celebrities tweeted about the word as well, helping to boost irregardless into a level of lookup significance that we couldn’t ignore.
10. Icon
Among those lost in a year of many painful losses were two individuals whose life’s work persisted long after they’d earned a restful retirement. As writers sought to eulogize first Representative John Lewis in July, and then Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg in September, they called upon the word icon to do so. The word saw significant increases in lookups in both instances, averaging 2,205% higher than last year.
A person who is identified as an icon is successful and admired, and frequently also representative of some ideal. Like many human icons, the word’s beginning was a modest one: in earliest use it referred simply to an image.
11. Malarkey
Presidents can propel a word into the common vernacular—or at least the public eye. Ronald Reagan’s verbal tic of beginning responses with “Well…” and George W. Bush’s malapropism misunderestimated qualify, and President-e lect Joe Biden’s use of malarkey is on track to do the same.
Biden used malarkey several times during the vice-presidential debate with Paul Ryan in October 2012, sending many people to the dictionary to look the word up.
The word’s biggest increase in lookups in 2020 was when Biden used it during the presidential debate on October 22nd, when it spiked 3,200% over last year.
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